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Understanding Australian public library responses to the COVID-19 crisis

On 24th March 2020 the Prime Minister of Australia declared the immediate closure of libraries across the country as part of the national attempt to slow the rate of COVID-19 infections. This meant over 1,600 public library service points across the country in urban, regional and remote locations, were no longer able to offer services on their premises.
 
This research aimed to explore the response by public libraries across Australia to the COVID-19 crisis. Its findings will assist public libraries in understanding their own roles and performance in a community crisis and will enable them to better prepare for and react to similar crises in the future so that community needs are met as efficiently and effectively as possible. In addition, the research aimed to identify possible trends in future service and resource provision resulting from measures put in place during the COVID-19 crisis.
 
It is important to note that the protracted nature of the pandemic has meant that many public libraries across Australia are still facing significant operational challenges. We therefore recognise that examples of innovation and best practice are still emerging, and that in many cases public library staff have yet to be afforded the space and time needed for effective reflection on their response to the crisis.

Badging the library: Are digital badges the next innovation for library skills and training?

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge
 
Abstract:
 
Libraries are frequently at the forefront of innovation and uniquely positioned to develop and deliver new technologies. This paper evaluates the benefits of one such innovation, digital badges. It will explore how badges can be applied in the library and higher education environment by examining the potential of badges to provide verified credentials to students for completing ‘soft skills’ programs, using a case study from the Australian National University. The paper will discuss the challenges involved in implementing a cohesive credential issuing system within a university and suggest areas for future investigation on digital credentials will be explored.

Digital engagement and the ATSILIRN protocols: Indigenous Australian experiences and expertise guiding the use of social media in libraries

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
This conference paper discusses how the State Library of New South Wales has adopted the ATSILIRN protocols in its use of social media to engage with Indigenous communities and in sharing Indigenous material with the wider community. It provides case study examples of ways in which staff have built capacity and made informed decisions about utilising Indigenous content in social media. The paper aims to inspire others to deliver client services that incorporate the user needs of Indigenous people and communities.

Discovery to Delivery: enabling an unmediated resource discovery and delivery service in a collaborative context

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
Introduction: Established in 1978, CAVAL is a not-for-profit consortium of eleven Australian academic libraries, offering a range of specialised products and services for the benefit of its members and for other libraries in the region. The CAVAL Reciprocal Borrowing Program, enabling higher education staff and students a simple and effective means of borrowing from the print collections of all participating libraries on a walk-in basis, has been coordinated by CAVAL for over 35 years. In addition, from its Melbourne base, CAVAL administers the purpose-built CARM (CAVAL Archival and Research Material) storage facility, preserving and providing access to over a million research volumes deposited into the CAVAL Shared Collection by member libraries, for the benefit of future generations of scholars.
 
Method: In recent years, the number of physical loans transacted between libraries in the Reciprocal Borrowing Program has declined, commensurate with similar declines in lending from their own collections, and partly due to new services such as the BONUS+ request and delivery service. Although these trends are expected to continue, it is anticipated that an ongoing need for physical books will continue in a reduced “long tail” manner. Libraries are buying less and less print, but a portion - particularly in some specific disciplines - remains available in print only. Additionally, as university libraries face continuing budget challenges, services and solutions which optimize access to print collections are needed to improve the cost-effectiveness of both past and ongoing investment in print resources. The use of sophisticated search and discovery systems can enable technical interoperability between disparate library systems to provide un-mediated identification and delivery of materials, and to promote their use in a collaborative resource sharing environment. In response to changes in the use of print both within and between academic libraries, CAVAL has initiated a pilot implementation of the Relais D2D (Discovery to Delivery) software, involving three of its member libraries, and incorporating access to the CAVAL Shared Collection. The pilot system offers un-mediated discovery and request from the collections of the participating libraries and delivery of physical print resources to eligible users via their home libraries. Similar to the service offered by some Australian libraries through the BONUS+ consortium, the Relais D2D software is operational at a number of large US library networks, including Uborrow and BorrowDirect. However, the D2D software is not based primarily on the use of a common library management system, but instead utilizes the NCIP protocol to enable interoperability between different library systems.
 
Results: This paper will describe the aims, implementation and outcomes of the CAVAL D2D pilot, from the experience and perspective of both CAVAL and the participating libraries. The paper will review the pilot process, its strengths and weaknesses, and examine the outcomes in terms of enhanced access to print materials and the potential benefits for both the libraries and their users.
 
Conclusion: The paper will conclude with a consideration of the pilot outcomes in the context of the changing landscape of the sharing of print resources between academic libraries, and will look at how discovery and request systems might not only displace traditional co-operative lending programs but also create potential for new service models and partnerships.

Easy as ABC – A triumph of re-usable metadata

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
This conference paper discusses the challenges involved in making big data accessible. The authors ask: How could we take the hundreds of thousands of program descriptions from the RN website and make them available to Trove users in a meaningful way – so they can discover the one little record in that big data set that is of relevance to them? How do we help digital historians find the answers, before they know what the question is? There are many more collections like that of RN – trusted, completely online and highly valued. This is one example of thinking beyond the edge of our system and the huge benefits it brought.

Finding your way with Design Thinking at the University of Sydney

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
In 2013, the University of Sydney Library invited Anne Melles and Yasmin Moore from Monash University Library to deliver a workshop on Design Thinking (DT) and its applicability to the academic library setting. DT draws on a diverse range of disciplines to provide a methodological framework for user-centred problem-solving. Following the workshop, a small group was formed to investigate the way in which users move through various spaces within the library (physical and virtual), and to track their experience, broadly described as ‘wayfinding’. Primary aims of the Wayfinding group were to:
 
A. Experiment with DT as a way of identifying user needs and propose user-driven solutions in relation to wayfinding, and
 
B. Develop tools and processes to help colleagues look at user behaviour from a fresh perspective.
 
The group conducted a series of surveys to find out what ‘wayfinding’ meant to library staff. This produced a working definition that guided later activities. A literature scan uncovered methods for uncovering user requirements (McGinn & Kotamraju, 2008; McQuaid, Goel, & McManus, 2003; Vyas, De Groot, & Van Der Veer, 2006). These methods included developing personas which are rich descriptions of users that allow ‘designers’ to step outside their own knowledge domain and see a situation from the user’s point of view. Personas were developed utilising several streams of data, including the University’s statistical reports, the recently completed University of Sydney Library Client Survey 2013 (Insync Survey),1 and focused observation of library users. Further analysis of the Insync Survey data guided the creation of ‘scenarios’ in which users attempt to 'find their way' to complete a task. Personas and scenarios were then brought together to create rich narratives of user journeys through library space. Common themes and issues were then extrapolated from these narratives.
 
In applying DT principles to wayfinding, the Wayfinding group was able to propose more intuitive services grounded in the user experience. The Wayfinding group shared insights with other library project groups, helping colleagues to employ DT in the development of their projects. One instance of such collaboration informed the composition and placement of touchscreens to enhance user navigation in the library.

From 0 to 100 in 16 weeks: how to revolutionise a library with secure hosted authentication and discovery — the case of DSTO Research Library (DSTORL)

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
Defence Science and Technology Organisation Research Library (DSTORL) was facing a challenging future not uncommon to many government libraries that operate services within a shared and highly secured IP environment. A major change to existing connectivity arrangements to online resources and services in June 2012 resulted in the suspension of seamless access and the reintroduction of individual usernames and passwords for DSTO’s extensive range of online resources. The impact on DSTO researchers and Library operations was swift and immediate. A project was initiated to identify, evaluate, test and implement a viable, secure and dynamic solution that would not only restore seamless access to our resources but also extend and exceed current online service delivery using a unique approach to hosted single sign on (SSO) authentication. A further objective was to combine this technology with a customised web scale discovery service. This paper explores the challenges confronting many government libraries in delivering electronic resources and services via restricted and highly secure environments and how one library was able to exploit an opportunity to pioneer an innovative approach and reposition itself as an important enabler to research.
 
The methods by which DSTORL was able to overcome critical obstacles via a unique implementation of OpenAthens (MD) to achieve its vision of ubiquitous access to a nationwide collection 24/7 from any PC or portable device are described. The paper also examines how EBSCO Discovery Service was customised and transformed from a proprietary search tool into the DSTO tailored “SearchLight” by building ‘brand’ recognition in anticipation of the new services.
 
OpenAthens (MD) and SearchLight were launched after a targeted marketing campaign culminating in a 5 day promotional tour across library sites. Five months on, client uptake and reaction is examined, and the change in usage patterns revealed. The conclusion summarises how DSTORL was able to meet DSTO IM&T Operational Plan Initiative 2.2: Define and execute the actions necessary to cater for the needs of the Library to access subscription services and allows an insight into the lessons learned during a project that brought strategic integration of accessibility and discoverability to a uniquely restrictive environment.

From mediocre to marvellous: Social media strategy to improve the student experience at the University of Western Australia

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
The focus on the student experience within the Australian higher education sector is more important than ever. The proposed shake up in university and student funding arrangements, increased competition from private providers and the proliferation in online courses means that a high quality student experience is a key factor in the decision of how and where to study. In this changing environment it is critical that libraries have the agility to innovate quickly, but strategically, and play a key role in the high quality student experience.
 
At the University of Western Australia Information Services, which comprises library and information technology services, has planned and implemented a range of new and improved services to enhance the student experience. This includes the repurposing of library spaces and service points, a campaign to communicate the improvement of services based on student feedback, a new model for improved student IT support and the development of a strategy for social media engagement.
 
This paper will focus on the development and implementation of a social media strategy in the context of these initiatives. The social media strategy was formulated via a survey of academic libraries in the world’s top 100 universities, student feedback, and analysis tools, such as Facebook Insights. The aim of the strategy is to improve student engagement by promoting resources and services more effectively and enhancing the library and IT image, while at the same time continually measuring and evaluating social media usage to ensure ongoing return on investment. The strategy includes a content plan, guidelines for content authors, resourcing requirements, promotion and most importantly, evaluation and review.
 
Within the first few months of implementation the amount of student engagement via social media doubled. In addition, potential new services, such as services to support researchers’ use of social media and collaboration with other sections of the university to enhance the student experience, have been identified. This has led to the need to up skill staff, the creation of new teams to author content for social media platforms and monthly reporting on social media channels, all within existing resources. The ongoing review and improvement of social media is central to the ongoing success of the strategy.
 
If academic libraries are to remain relevant in the changing higher education environment continual planning, innovation, evaluation and change are critical. The development of a social media strategy is an example of how planning and strategy can ensure library services remain relevant and effective.

Have you met ROS? The value of cross library collaboration in project management and delivery

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
This conference paper discusses the new system launched by UNSW Library in 2013 to manage information about the research outputs produced at UNSW. In addition to the work expected as a part of a major technical implementation, the rollout of this system involved communication and support for up to 15,000 users, demanding skills that no single team at UNSW Library could provide on its own. The situation lent itself to collaboration.
 
Collaboration allows libraries to respond to complex new opportunities and challenges by bringing together diverse knowledge and skills sets. The analysis of UNSW Library’s experiences and a review of the relevant literature identified four key elements for collaboration: interpersonal, developmental, organisational and leadership. This paper will evaluate the collaborative enterprise undertaken at UNSW Library and demonstrate the value collaboration can bring to project delivery within the framework provided by these four elements.

Honing the edge: an integrated model for supporting eResearch

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
Like many academic libraries, the University of Wollongong Library became involved in eResearch with the opportunity of Government funding through Australian National Data Service (ANDS). Contributing to the ANDS Seeding the Commons projects provided the University with the opportunity to resource formative infrastructure development of eResearch services, however, without a resourced institution-wide framework in place, the UOW Library’s involvement in these initial activities failed to achieve the traction needed to enable these services to grow.
 
As libraries and information professionals look to secure their place in emerging research-focused industries, it is becoming increasingly important to identify our relevant strengths and unique skills when defining the role we will play. With motivators such as the emergence of citation information for research data, and changes to funding body requirements, research data is gaining traction as its own marker of research impact and success. The push for making data open, reusable, and accountable is increasing, with libraries, including those in the non-academic sector, now faced with opportunities to demonstrate the relevance and flexibility of their traditional skills in this space.
 
There has been much discussion on the re-skilling or redefining the roles of librarians, inevitably leading to the emergence of new Library roles and teams to support eResearch. Working within an academic environment in which research data has not yet achieved the same standing as scholarly publications; UOW Library took a pragmatic approach, integrating support for eResearch within established roles and skillsets. Leveraging existing experience with managing publications, authority control, application of metadata, persistent identifiers, copyright advice, repository management, training, academic outreach, and stakeholder relationships has allowed for the emergence of a sustainable support model that can be adapted by other libraries for their own context and assists with defining scale and service provision for both the organisation and staff.

Is the Juice Worth the Squeeze?

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
As the implementations of web-scale discovery services (WSDS) like Primo, Summon, EDS, and WorldCat Discovery Services proliferate, and as libraries continue to make significant investments to purchase, implement, and maintain these services, it is increasingly important to understand if these investments are helping libraries achieve the impact they originally anticipated. What was the original rationale for these services? What were the impacts that were expected? How are those impacts being measured? What are the early results? Are the results supporting the investments? Are there other options?
 
At the same time, many content providers are making similar investments to make their content discoverable in these services and to support libraries in leveraging these investments on behalf of their faculty, students, and researchers. The promise, of course, is greater discoverability and increased usage for the content provider. What, exactly, are the investments that these content providers are making? Given that there is a culture of providing content for indexing for free to these services, how are these investments being recovered by the content provider? Are these investments resulting in the expected outcomes?

Journey maps and customer hacks: redesigning services at the State Library Victoria

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
At the State Library Victoria we redesigned our service model. We used a design thinking approach so that our new service model would be customer centred and integrated. In redesigning our service model we considered elements such as changing customer needs and expectations and we looked at how people were actually using our library. We considered the physical library space, digital and mobile technology, customer self-help options, number and location of service points, and staff skills and development, as well as trends in service design in other organisations.
 
We ran a 12-week service design project with a joint team from the State Library and an external consultant. The project began with an intensive research phase and observation of our current services. We identified issues and opportunities with our current services and then developed responses to these through workshops with staff, and through consultation with library customers. These ideas were prototyped and tested to develop a new service model. Testing included redesigning the library after opening hours and inviting staff to walk through and experience for themselves how the new service model could work.
 
Our redesigned service model is based on eight foundation service principles. The new service model articulates a future state for us to work towards. We have designed service zones that are aligned to designated library spaces. We are redesigning our service processes to make them simpler for staff and easier for the customer. Our new service model brings together the physical and digital to create an integrated customer experience of the library.
 
We are in the beginning stages of implementing a series of phased projects that move us towards the objectives of our new service model. We expect implementation to be a multi-year, staged process.

"Just Dance" with digital literacy

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
This conference paper shares a new approach to digital literacy development and is divided into four dance elements: Getting Fit for the Dance (digital literacy concept, contexts and definition as used at Deakin University); First steps of the Dance (building liaison librarian capacity; the digitally literate student); Practicing the Dance ( the Case Study and results); and the Dance Finale (Conclusion).

Library as place: make the space

ALIA Information Online 2015 Conference, 2-5 February 2015, Sydney: at the edge.
 
Abstract:
 
Over the last 12 months, makerspaces have become an important means for both public and academic libraries to engage with the community, providing additional services or programs to what is currently on offer. The next major step forward for library makerspaces is to incorporate more STE[A]M (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Maths) principles into their programs and services to help people develop important 21st century learning skills. This paper argues that library makerspaces play an important role in contributing to the library’s mission of supporting lifelong learning, in particular through STEAM-based activities. It demonstrates this with reference to “Light Makers”, a week long event facilitated by Curtin University Library Makerspace in 2015 during National Science Week. Reflections on the event highlight the importance of collaboration between academic and public libraries, university and community groups, to effectively engage the wider community in STEAM-based maker activities.

Vote library: How libraries support you and your electorate

This advocacy document for the #VoteLibrary campaign discusses the services and impacts of libraries in Australia. When people think about libraries, they think about public libraries, but across Australia there are some 13,000 public, school, university, TAFE, health, law and other special libraries, serving more than 10 million people. There are government department and parliamentary libraries, assisting researchers and policy makers. And there are our National, State and Territory Libraries providing access to heritage materials which document the living history of the nation. The goal of all libraries is for a smarter, more literate population, with universal access to information, leading to increased civic engagement. Libraries comprise collections, physical and virtual spaces, technology, programs and services, expert staff and are shaped around the needs of their 10 million-plus users. 

Vote library: 2022 library agenda

This advocacy document supports the #VoteLibrary campaign. As we head into the 2022 federal election, the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) encourages candidates to adopt the library agenda. Fifteen policy, legislative and funding positions are outlined which support the values and goals of the library sector.

10 reasons why library and information professionals are essential

The values and activities of library and information professionals which make them essential include trust in the profession, freedom of information, evidence-based practice, digital expertise and inclusion, respectful work with indigenous knowledge, support to freedom of expression, equitable access to information, support of the right to privacy, open access principles and cross-sector collaboration.

10 ways libraries contribute to the university’s competitive advantage

Libraries contribute to the university's competitive advantage by providing a central point of reference for students, award-winning spaces, digital access to the world's knowledge, understanding of new digital technology, copyright expertise, contributions to and dissemination of research output, open access and traditional publishing, business efficiency and the recruitment, retention and engagement of students.

10 ways TAFE libraries improve the lives of students

Library services at VET education providers improve the lives of students by supporting every student, providing 24/7 access to resources, acting as a welcoming space, facilitating digital inclusion and independent learning, widening horizons, providing copyright expertise, business efficiency, education equity, and the recruitment, engagement and retention of students. 

Digital literacy programs for culturally and linguistically diverse communities

This digital guide was produced by RMIT researchers to support Australian Public Libraries to develop and enhance digital literacy programs for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) communities. The guide was produced as a result of a project conducted in partnership with Hume Libraries. The project was initiated in response to the 2019, Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) report, ’Services for Migrants and Refugees’, which examined the programs that were being implemented across Australian Libraries.
 
The research project extended ALIA’s work by partnering with Hume Libraries to explore, examine and document the pivotal role that library staff play in implementing and sustaining Digital Literacy Programs for CALD communities. The framework presented in this guide was informed by a literature review that identified good practice and lessons learned in developing, delivering and supporting digital literacy programs globally. It is also informed by the analysis of a series of interviews and a focus group with staff from Hume Libraries in Melbourne who have extensive experience developing and facilitating digital literacy programs to support their CALD community. The remainder of this guide features an introduction to Hume Libraries, followed by presentation.
 

APSIG Newsletter No. 82/83, July/November 2013: Special IFLA Conference Issue

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 86, November 2014

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 87, March 2015

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 88, July 2015

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 89, November 2015

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 90, March 2016

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 91, July 2016

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 92, November 2016

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

APSIG Newsletter No. 93, March 2017

ALIA Asia Pacific Special Interest Group (ALIA APSIG) was a national group that aimed to lead efforts in identifying new sources of support for the development between information professionals in the region, through two-way co-operation. It also aimed to provide a forum for members to discuss regional professional issues and to communicate these to the appropriate forum; hosts public talks relating to relevant issues; and produce a membership newsletter three times per year.

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